Research and Commentary

Our outlook looks at global equity markets, earnings, emerging markets, and currencies through the end of the year in the face of another interest rate hike in December and impending political events in the U.S. and Europe. We also evaluate the longer term macroeconomic and investment strategy implications of impending monetary policy exhaustion and resurgent populism in a piece entitled: Goldilocks is on Life Support: Investment Strategy in Light of Monetary Policy Exhaustion and Resurgent Populism

The turmoil that erupted after the June 23rd Brexit referendum has purportedly prompted many people who voted “Leave” to rethink their decision. New PM Theresa May has stated that “Brexit means Brexit,” dimming hopes that the referendum’s results would be reversed; but also inferring that Article 50 will not be invoked until next year. May has also appointed a number of prominent Brexit supporters to her cabinet,
with David Davis heading the new “Brexit Ministry” and Boris Johnson installed as the Foreign Secretary. These pronouncements and appointments could indicate that she has succumbed to Brexit (despite her earlier opposition) or it could be a shrewd political strategy to allow its economic and political consequences to hit home with voters and force her former rivals to “own” the fallout if and when the public turns on Brexit and its proponents. If future opinion polls show that a decisive plurality of UK voters favor remaining in the EU, this would give the British government the excuse necessary to call for a second plebiscite.

The upsurge in equity prices that started on March 10, 2009 has been among the most despised and distrusted bullmarkets of all time. For each of its seven years, newfound horror stories materialized to interrupt the bull trend with corrections roughly as large and as scary as the one which began this year. In 2009 the S&P 500, still reeling from the aftermath of the GFC, declined by 25% through March 9, 2009. In 2010, fear over the U.S. deficit set off a -15 % correction. In 2011, panic over a U.S. Treasury default sent the S&P down
-19.5%. In 2012, the euro crisis caused two corrections, -10% in the spring and then -8% in the autumn. In 2013, the panic was about Federal Reserve tapering and a U.S. government shutdown, although these only hit the S&P by -6%. In 2014, carnage in the Middle East and Ukraine catalyzed an -8% setback. And last summer, policy blunders in China caused a correction of -12%. Importantly, each of these corrections turned out to be a buying opportunity.

Similar to most other major global markets, 2015 was also largely a year to forget on the frontier. The few bright spots of meaningfully positive local returns (Argentina and Romania) were largely overwhelmed by further currency weakness relative to the U.S. Dollar. Looking ahead for 2016, we see a global sense of skittishness and thin growth leadership as extending to the frontier markets as well, though their lesser lack of integration and correlation with global markets will separate some markets more than others. To that end, the asset concentration within the small universe of global frontier markets managers is our top concern across frontier markets for 2016. Thus at the broadest level, we recommend underweighting global frontier markets vis a vis other clearer opportunities in Japanese equities, but see some genuine opportunities in the frontier universe relative to emerging markets. Otherwise our views here largely reflect our recommendations for medium-term allocations within the frontier universe. As in emerging markets, we expect U.S. dollar strength to continue, and indeed may even be exacerbated by local currency weakness in selected markets (e.g. Nigeria). Saudi Arabia and the rest of the GCC are making headlines for their regional confrontations, both hot and cold, fiscal struggles and influence in the oil market, but also for some peculiar reforms to the stock market. Nigeria is both cheap and expensive in different parts, and could be poised for a truly volatile 2016. Indeed much of the big African stocks seem expensive compared to their European, Asian, or Latin American counterparts, and these stocks seem poised at best for stagnation in 2016 and possibly a significant de-rating. But the universe is not without its bright spots and we see very positive macro fundamentals and micro market catalysts in Argentina, Vietnam, and Frontier Europe (ex Kazakhstan).

For the most part, 2015 was a forgettable year as growth anemia and disappointment, enduring characteristics of the post GFC period, continued. At 3.1%, global growth once again underperformed IMF forecasts from October 2014 with most of the disappointment emanating from the Emerging world that is most exposed to the slowdown in China and the end of the commodity super-cycle. With notable exceptions of commodity producers such as Brazil and South Africa, inflation also underperformed the 2014 forecast, underpinned primarily by weak demand and the precipitous decline in commodity prices.